abstract

antioxidant and increase lipid peroxidation can lead to oxidative damage to

cellular macro molecules leading to cancer. This study included 50 patients with

colon cancer were collected from (Al-Hussain Medical City/Kerbala, Digestive

and Liver Disease Education Hospital/ Medical City/ Baghdad and Oncology

Teaching Hospital / Medical City/ Baghdad) and 33 healthy people from ages

commensurate with patients aged.

The clinical characteristics of patients were documented, which included

age, gender, family history, stage of tumor, smoking, other disease, obesity and

drug. 32% of patients were younger and 68% were more than 41 years, 42% were

female and 58% were male, 64% had a family history of cancer, (6 %, 26 %, 60

% and 8 %) patients with stage of cancer from (Ⅰ to Ⅳ) respectively, 42% were

smokers, 50% patients with diabetes mellitus, 28% were obeses, 40% were

treated with chemotherapy and 82% were illiterate. The level of reduced

glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), ceruloplasmin oxidase (Cp oxidase),

malondialdehyde (MDA), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) were measured in sera of

patients with colon cancer and the control group.

The results showed a significant decrease (p<0.001) in the level of GSH

and Zn as well as a significant increase (p<0.001) in the level of MDA, Cu and

Cu/Zn in patients with colon cancer compared with the control group. Depending

on the Pearson’s correlation coefficients the results appeared a significant

positive correlation (r=0.5, p=0.02) between Cp oxidase and Cu. In addition,

there was a significant positive correlation between Cp oxidase (r=0.4, p=0.001)

and Cu/Zn ratio (r=0.23, p=0.04) in patients and the control group respectively.

Depending on the stage of colon cancer, GSH was a significant decrease

(p<0.001) in stage Ⅱ compared with stageⅠ, also there was a significant

decrease (p<0.05) in stage Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ as compared with those of the control

group. In addition, catalase activity was lowered in stage Ⅰand Ⅳ as compared

II

with the control group, whereas MDA level was elevated in all stages of colon

cancer patients when compared with those of the control group, Cp oxidase was

significantly lowered (p<0.001) in stageⅠcomparing with the control group, but

the level of Cu and Cu/Zn was significantly increase (p<0.001) in all stages group

whereas there was a significant decrease (p<0.001) in the level of Zn as compared

with the control group.

The demographical study revealed a significant decrease (p<0.001) in the

activity of catalase and a significant increase (p<0.05) in the level of MDA in

male patients compared with the female. Smoker patients revealed a significant

decrease (p<0.001) in the levels of GSH and Zn and a significant increase (p<

0.001) in level of MDA and Cu/Zn ratio compared with the control group. Lipid

peroxidation was significant elevated (p<0.001) in patients who were treated

with chemotherapy drug. Also, this study showed a high proportion of diabetes

mellitus type 2 in patients with colon cancer compared with the other disease, in

addition the results were divided into three groups, group one represented

patients who had colon cancer only, group two patients had T2DM whereas

group three those represented patients who had other disease, T2DM and colon

cancer. The results were estimated by using ANOVA test, and the results

revealed a significant decrease (p<0.01) in the level of CAT among the three

groups. By using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, there was a significant

negative correlation (r= -0.3, p=0.02) between BMI and the activity of CAT, and

a significant positive correlation between BMI with MDA (r=0.3, p=0.04) and

with Cp oxidase (r=0.28, p=0.04) respectively.

These results indicate that free radicals and antioxidants play a n important

role in colon cancer patients and the chemotherapy drug is work to increase the

presence of free radicals in the body. Women has less colon cancer risk than m