Summary

   This Thesis is concerned with the study of adsorption of Azure A, B, and C dyes on Iraqi Porcelanite rocks and modified form of this rocks to introduce a new surface use as adsorbent for adsorption of Azure dyes. In this study Iraqi Porcelanite rocks was treated with melamine to prepare porcelanite – melamine complex. The complex was then polymerized with formaldehyde to obtain porcelanite – melamine – formaldehyde polymer (PMFP). Iraqi porcelanite rocks and novel PMF polymer were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM techniques. The purpose of this study is searching for surfaces that are highly applicable of adsorption Azure dyes in order to be useful in the water pollution treatment. Experiment were carried out to investigate the possible use of the Iraqi porcelanite rocks and prepared polymer (PMFP)for the removal of Azure A, B, and C dyes from aqueous solutions. UV – Visible spectrophotometry technique has been applied to study the adsorption isotherm and the factors influencing on it, such as contact time, adsorbent dose, pH and temperature. The results showed that the equilibrium time reached within 60 min and (0.05g) of adsorbent dose at pH (6.9)of operation for Iraqi porcelanite rocks while 30 min and (0.03g) of adsorbent dose at pH (5.5) for PMFP. The removal of Azure A, B, and C dyes using Iraqi porcelanite rocks and modified form has been studied at different temperatures (298.15, 308.15, 318.15, and 328.15)K to determine the adsorption isotherms and thermodynamic functions. The experimental isotherms data were analyzed using Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The calculated dimensionless separation factor, R_L < 1 indicated that the adsorption of the three dyes onto both adsorbents were favorable. The data was found that Freundlich isotherm model fits the data very well for all three dyes on both adsorbents. The shapes of the isotherms obtained from the experimental data were found to be comparable in all cases to the (S- curve) type according to Giles classification.