سارا حمود عبدالأمير الأسدي

Summary

       The poultry forages and their components were collected

from chicken – runs and forages storages at AL – Hurr and AL- Husseinya regions during   January   month at year 2004 . Three hundred ninty six isolates were isolated from poultry forages and their components during the period of study , the deuteromycetes   showed the highest percentage , followed by zygomycetes and black and white mycelium isolates .

         No  significant differences appeared in  the  number  of

isolates   between the chicken – runs and between the poultry ration storages at AL- Hurr and AL- Husseinya regions , neither

the temperature of chicken – runs and forages storages , nor , the  

moisture contents of the forages and their components , affected

on the number of isolates , where  weak correlation between these components was found .

         The fungi isolation are comprehended (11) genera and (19) species , in addition to black and   white   mycelium   isolates . The most fungi   genera   occurrence in chicken – runs at Al – Hurr region was Aspergillus genus   , followed by Penicillium

and Rhizopus , while the most genera occurrence in chicken – runs at   AL – Husseinya   region   was   both   Aspergillus   and                  

Penicillium   genera    followed   by both  Allescheriella   and Rhizopus genera . In the forages storages at AL – Hurr region , Aspergillus genus was the most genera occurrence , followed by Penicillium and  Allescheriella , while   Rhizopus  genus appeared in the third order in the forages o f AL – Husseinya region . The most fungi species frequency   in   chicken – runs at    AL – Hurr    region  was   Aspergillus niger followed   by Penicillium restrictum , while the fungus A . fumigatus came in the second order in the chicken – runs at AL – Husseinya region . In the forages storages at AL- Hurr region A . niger was the most fungi frequency in that storages , followed by P . sp1 . and Aspergillus terrus . While the fungus Rhizopus sp . was in     the third order   of the forages storages at AL – Husseinya region . The most fungi intensity and   distribution

in chicken – runs at Al – Hurr   region   was Aspergillus niger , while the most fungi intensity were A . niger , A . fumigatus and P . sp .1 , in   Al – Husseinya   region , the most   fungi intensity were A . niger , P . sp .1 and A. terrus , in the forage storages at   Al – Hurr   region   , while   the   most   fungi   intensity and distribution   in the   forages storages at AL – Husseinya   region

were A . niger , P . sp .1 and   Rhizopus sp .

 

 

 

Four species of fungi  were   selected to    extractive

the   extracts from them  ,   and these fungi consisted of

Aspergillus candidus     ,    A . fumigatus   ,    A . niger     and Paecilomyces lilacinus .

   Four – day – old Broilers ( Hubbard Flex ) were fed with extracts of these fungi at the rate of ( 1 ml / 50 gm ) of body weight divided into three  groups each group consist fifteen replicate ,  all of these fungi extracts didn’t affect the weight rates of the birds after ten days from starting dose , while  the effect appeared after twenty four and   thirty eight days after treatment with the fungi extracts dose ,  the extract of

A . candidus , A . fumigatus   and   A . niger decreased   the   weight rate of   the birds , but the extract of Paecilomyces lilacinus  didn´t significantly affect their weight rate . Also   the extract  of  A . candidus     , A . fumigatus and A .niger , decreased the relative weight of the livers  of these broilers treated after ten and thirty eight days ,  but the extract of   Paecilomyces lilacinus didn´t significantly affect them . Steady   case in the relative   weight of the   livers   of these   broilers   was   noticed   after   twenty  four days   from the adminstration

of the fungi extracts dose , the fungi extracts didn´t effect on the relative weight of the kidney of these birds in all three periods .  

Histologically , The fungi extracts caused degeneration changes in the hepatic cells  with   congestion of central vein and haemorrhage , while the same effect appeared in the Renal cells

and the effect increased with time